Arama | DEVRİK YAPI (= INVERSION) |
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| Yazar öss hazırlık | |
| Pazar, 28 Eylül 2008 | |
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DEVRİK YAPI (= INVERSION) 1. Tanım Cümle içindeki normal yapının (S+V+O) vurgu sağlamak amacı değiştirilmesidir. Bu yapıda ya yardımcı yüklem [1] (asıl yüklemin "be" olması durumunda yüklemin kendisi [2]) ya da özneyi niteleyen sıfat [3] öznenin önünde yer almaktadır. - We came late, and so did he. [1] - Tired as he was, he went on walking. [3] 2. Kullanım Aşağıdaki kullanım örneklerinde gösterilen kelime ve yapılar, cümle içinde bu örneklerde verilen konumlarında (cümle başında vs.) olmaları durumunda sadece devrik yapıda kullanılabilmektedir. Örneğin, - You can nowhere find a better friend cümlesinde "never" kelimesi cümlede ortalarda yer almaktadır ve cümlede devrik yapı söz konusu değildir. Oysa "never" kelimesi 9.2.1 maddesinde de ele alındığı gibi, cümlenin başına alındığında, daima devrik yapı ile kullanılır. - Nowhere can you find a better friend. Devrik yapıların Türkçe'ye aktarımı esnasında, mümkünse, devrik yapının sağladığı vurgunun verilmesine çaba göstermek gerekir. 2.1. Zaman ve yer belirten yapılar ile Zaman ve yer belirten at no time, hardly ... when, never, no sooner ... than, not till, nowhere, only, only after, only then/when, rarely, scarcely, scarcely ... when, seldom yapıları ile kullanılır. - At no time was he aware of the facts. - Hardly/Scarcely had I said hello when he punched me. - Never before have I received such a nice present. - No sooner had I said hello than he punched me. - Not till he got home did he understand what the joke was. - Nowhere can you find a better servant. - Only here do they sell octopus meat. - Only after a year did she start to talk to me again. - Only then did I see that the plan was faulty. - Rarely could we get fresh bread. - Scarcely / Seldom had he been late. 2.2. Koşul belirten yapılar ile Koşul belirten in no circumstances, in no way, only by, only this way, only when, on no account, under no circumstances yapıları ile kullanılır. - In / Under no circumstances are we authorised to seal this document. - In no way can your money be refunded. - Only in this way were we able to make the car start. - Only by pushing were we able to start the car. - Only when he became ill did he appreciate the central heating. - On no account are people allowed to eat in the theatre building. 2.3. Not only, so, neither, nor ile - Not only did they steal his money, but they also beat him. - We all like horror films, and so does my father. - "I'm not hungry." - He didn't protest, nor did he say a single word. 2.4. so / such ... that ile - So delicious was the meal that we couldn't help wondering whether it was really Jane who had cooked it. 2.5. Yer belirten "preposition"lar ile - In came Tom. - Up jumped two large dogs. - Round the corner walked a policeman. - Under the table was lying a huge dog. 2.6. Comparative clause ile - His answer was shameful; equally regrettable was his behaviour. - A year ago two crashes occurred at the corner, and more recently has come the news of a third. 2.7. Condition clause ile - Should there be a delay, call me. - Had we known about your coming, we could have met you at the airport. 2.8. Concession clause ile - Hard as you may study, I doubt you'll pass. 2.9. Reason clause ile - Tired as he was, he stopped walking. 2.10. Similarity and Comparison clause ile - Tom was a man of power, as had his father been. 2.11. Çeşitli sıfatlarla - Little did we imagine that the whole Soviet Union would collapse.Sovyetler Birliği'nin çökeceği aklımızdan bile geçmezdi |
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